The secret life of algae
January 12, 2006
Oil Producing Algae A fundamental process that has puzzled researchers for many
years has been explained by UK scientists. Some simple plants that
are crucial in maintaining the balance of carbon in the Earth's
atmosphere require vitamin B12 to grow properly but it
has been a mystery to scientists
why some types needed external
sources and others did not. Now researchers at the Universities
of Cambridge and Kent have discovered that half of all algae
have a dependent but beneficial relationship with bacteria that
make the vitamin for them.
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Algae Oil Production The researchers, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), found that no algae have the
necessary genes to produce vitamin B12. Those that do not
require a supply are like higher plants; they have an alternative
metabolic process that does not need the vitamin. However, algae
that need vitamin B12 cannot make it themselves and must get it
from somewhere else.
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Algae Bio Fuel The scientists realised that the amount of vitamin B12 required
to grow the types of algae that do need the vitamin in the
laboratory is much higher than natural levels in the seas and
rivers. They discovered that in the natural environment were bacteria
that could supply the necessary vitamin B12 the algae needed.
However, the relationship between the bacteria and algae was not
one-way. The scientists found that the algae supported the bacteria
by providing them with carbon from their own photosynthesis.
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Algae Fuel Cell Dr Alison Smith, one of the research leaders at the University
of Cambridge, said, "What these observations demonstrate is that,
although algae live by harvesting the sun's energy through
photosynthesis, many of them are like animals in that they need
another organism to supply them with a vital nutrient. This has
implications for how we consider the
ecosystems in the world's
oceans."
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Algae Based Fuels Professor Julia Goodfellow, BBSRC Chief Executive, said, "Algae
fix around half of the world's carbon so it is vital that we can
understand what affects their growth and wellbeing. Research into
fundamental relationships and microscopic bacteria may not seem
important at first but it is only by improving our understanding at
this level that we can discover how to maintain the
health of
ecosystems at a global
level."
green algae. However, green algae can accumulate heavy metals from contaminated water, green algae could increase the body’s load of lead, mercury, and cadmium, 23 green algae have been identified.24 Samples of commercially available spirulina have also been found to be contaminated with animal hairs and insect fragments.25 green algae, aquae, has been found to produce toxins.26 green algae. Animal studies have found spirulina to be safe during pregnancy.27 28 29
Diesel From Algae Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research
Council
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